Many folks would like to see us back on the Moon and developing its resources.

Showing posts with label LRO. Show all posts
Showing posts with label LRO. Show all posts

Wednesday, December 11, 2013

China’s Maiden Moon Rover Mission Chang’e 3 Achieves Lunar Orbit with the touchdown scheduled for some time Dec. 14.

We see that Chang'e 3 has achieved lunar orbit and is preparing to land on the Moon.
Things will really get interesting should the landing be successful. 
Much to learn about our nearest celestial neighbor. 
- LRK -

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China’s Maiden Moon Rover Mission Chang’e 3 Achieves Lunar Orbit
China’s maiden moon landing probe successfully entered lunar orbit on Friday, Dec. 6, following Sunday’s (Dec. 1) spectacular blastoff – setting the stage for the historic touchdown attempt in mid December.

Engineer’s at the Beijing Aerospace Control Center (BACC) commanded the Chang’e 3 lunar probe to fire its braking thrusters for 361 seconds, according to China’s Xinhua news agency.

The do or die orbital insertion maneuver proceeded precisely as planned at the conclusion of a four and a half day voyage to Earth’s nearest neighbor.

China’s ‘Yutu’ lunar lander is riding piggyback atop the four legged landing probe during the history making journey from the Earth to the Moon.
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Dwayne Day talks about the implications of the Chang'e mission.
- LRK -

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It’s not bragging if you do itby Dwayne Day
Monday, December 9, 2013

Later this week, if all goes according to plan, China will land a robotic spacecraft and rover on the Moon, something that nobody has done in nearly four decades. If the Chinese do what they did for the launch, they will broadcast much of the event live on television and over the Internet. Last week’s launch coverage on government-controlled English language CCTV was remarkable for its openness. Indeed, the coverage was indistinguishable from Western news coverage of a major space event. There was no propagandizing or nationalistic chest-thumping, just a straightforward reporting with lots of information about the mission and what was happening. The event, and its coverage, highlighted the fact that China has an attractive, technically sophisticated scientific space program that could serve international relations purposes. It was a demonstration of what American political scientist Joseph Nye has referred to as “soft power,” the ability to compel or attract nations to do what you want. China’s space program gives them this ability to attract partners. The problem is that some of China’s other activities undercut their attractiveness as a potential partner.
...
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Some more at SPACEFLIGHT NOW
- LRK -

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http://www.spaceflightnow.com/china/change3/131206loi/#.Uqi8pPRDua-
Chinese probe arrives in lunar orbit for moon landing
BY STEPHEN CLARK
SPACEFLIGHT NOW

Posted: December 6, 2013

Less than five days after leaving Earth atop a blazing Long March launcher, China's Chang'e 3 spacecraft reached lunar orbit Friday to prepare for an historic rocket-assisted touchdown in the moon's Bay of Rainbows later this month.

Outfitted with a six-wheeled robotic rover and smarts to avoid hazards in the landing zone, Chang'e 3 is China's boldest unmanned space mission to date, extending feats achieved by a pair of lunar orbiters launched in 2007 and 2010.

The four-legged lander fired its propulsion system for six minutes and braked into orbit around the moon at 0953 GMT (4:53 a.m. EST) Friday, according to China's state-run Xinhua news agency.
...
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With LADEE looking at the Moon we should get some idea of what going back to the Moon will do to the tenuous lunar atmosphere.


Take a look again at again at what the Planetary Society blog has to say.

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Chang'e 3 and LADEE updates -- and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, too, for good measure
Posted by Emily Lakdawalla
2013/12/05 08:40 CST
Topics: pretty pictures, Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, mission status, LADEE, the Moon, Chang'E program

Update Dec 6 7:54 a.m. PT: Chang'e 3 has arrived in lunar orbit.

Chang'e 3 is just about to land on the Moon, and the LADEE orbiter has begun a new science mission there, while Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter is still producing amazing images.
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Thanks for looking up with me.  
- LRK -
 
Moon Treaty
The Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies,[2] better known as the Moon Treaty or Moon Agreement, is an international treaty that turns jurisdiction of all celestial bodies (including the orbits around such bodies) over to the international community. Thus, all activities must conform to international law (notably this includes the UN Charter).
In practice it is a failed treaty since it has not been ratified by any nation which engages in self-launched manned space exploration or has plans to do so (e.g. the United States, some member states of the European Space AgencyRussian FederationPeople's Republic of China,Japan, and India) since its creation in 1979, and thus has a negligible effect on actual spaceflight. As of 2013, it has been ratified by 15 states.[1]
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Ratification

The treaty was finalized in 1979 and entered into force for the ratifying parties in 1984. As a follow-on to the Outer Space Treaty, the Moon Treaty intended to establish a regime for the use of the Moon and other celestial bodies similar to the one established for the sea floor in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The L5 Society successfully defeated the treaty in the US Senate.[3]
As of 2013, only 15 states (AustraliaAustriaBelgiumChileKazakhstanLebanonMexicoMoroccoNetherlandsPakistanPeruPhilippinesSaudi ArabiaTurkey,[4][5] and Uruguay) have ratified it.[1] FranceGuatemalaIndia and Romania have signed but have not ratified it.[1][6]
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Why China is fixated on the Moon
David Shukman
29 November 2013 Last updated at 09:38 ET
 
The Moon could be a "beautiful" source of minerals and energy, a top Chinese scientist has told the BBC.
Exotic materials including helium-3 and the potential for solar power could prove invaluable for humankind, he says.
The comments come from Prof Ouyang Ziyuan of the department of lunar and deep space exploration.
His first interview with the foreign media provides insights into China's usually secretive space programme.
Prof Ouyang was speaking ahead of the first Chinese attempt to land an unmanned spacecraft on the lunar surface.
The Chang'e 3 lander is due to launch imminently, perhaps as soon as Sunday evening, UK time.
It will be the first to make a soft touchdown on the Moon since an unmanned Russian mission in 1976
....
==============================================================  
Chang'e 3 (Chinese嫦娥三号pinyinCháng'é Sānhào) is a lunar exploration mission operated by the China National Space Administration, incorporating a robotic lander and a rover. Chang'e 3 was launched on the morning of 2 December 2013 local time (17:30 1 December UTC), which is part of the second phase of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program.[5][9][10] It will be China's first lunar rover.
The spacecraft is named after Chang'e, the goddess of the Moon in Chinese mythology, and is a follow-up to the Chang'e 1 andChang'e 2 lunar orbiters. The lunar rover is called Yutu, or Jade Rabbit, a name selected in an online poll that comes from a Chinese myth about a white rabbit that lives on the Moon as a companion of the moon goddess Chang'e.[11] It achieved lunar orbit on 6 December 2013 (Beijing time).[12]

This article or section documents a current or recent spaceflight. Details may change as the mission progresses
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK -

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Thursday, October 21, 2010

NASA Missions Uncover The Moon's Buried Treasures

In the news for those that are still looking up.
What was it was said about missions to Mars, follow the water.
Hmmm, could we say the same for the Moon, follow the water.

Now will someone look for an ice cave or investigate some of those holes in the Moon.
http://www.universetoday.com/73659/lro-takes-closer-look-at-moon-caves/
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/oct/HQ_10-271_LCROSS_LRO.html
NASA Missions Uncover The Moon's Buried Treasures


RELEASE: 10-271
Oct. 21, 2010

Michael Braukus
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1979
michael.j.braukus@nasa.gov

WASHINGTON -- Nearly a year after announcing the discovery of water molecules on the moon, scientists Thursday revealed new data
uncovered by NASA's Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite, or LCROSS, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO.

The missions found evidence that the lunar soil within shadowy craters is rich in useful materials, and the moon is chemically active and has a water cycle. Scientists also confirmed the water was in the form of mostly pure ice crystals in some places. The results are featured in six papers published in the Oct. 22 issue of Science.

"NASA has convincingly confirmed the presence of water ice and characterized its patchy distribution in permanently shadowed regions of the moon," said Michael Wargo, chief lunar scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. "This major undertaking is the one of many steps NASA has taken to better understand our solar system, its resources, and its origin, evolution, and future."

The twin impacts of LCROSS and a companion rocket stage in the moon's Cabeus crater on Oct. 9, 2009, lifted a plume of material that might not have seen direct sunlight for billions of years. As the plume traveled nearly 10 miles above the rim of Cabeus, instruments aboard LCROSS and LRO made observations of the crater and debris and vapor clouds. After the impacts, grains of mostly pure water ice were lofted into the sunlight in the vacuum of space.

"Seeing mostly pure water ice grains in the plume means water ice was somehow delivered to the moon in the past, or chemical processes have been causing ice to accumulate in large quantities," said Anthony Colaprete, LCROSS project scientist and principal investigator at NASA's Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, Calif. "Also, the diversity and abundance of certain materials called volatiles in the plume, suggest a variety of sources, like comets and asteroids, and an active water cycle within the lunar shadows."

snip
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As posted at. Science NASA.
- LRK -

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http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2010/21oct_lcross2/
Lunar Impact Uncovered More Than Just Moon Water
Oct. 21, 2010:  Nearly a year after announcing the discovery of water molecules on the moon, scientists have revealed new data uncovered by NASA's Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite, or LCROSS, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO—and it's more than just water.
The missions found evidence that lunar soil within shadowy craters is rich in useful materials. Moreover, the moon appears to be chemically active and has a full-fledged water cycle. Scientists also confirmed that 'moon water' was in the form of mostly pure ice crystals in some places.
These results are featured in six papers published in the Oct. 22 issue of Science.
The twin impacts of LCROSS and a companion rocket stage in the moon's Cabeus crater on Oct. 9, 2009, lifted a plume of material that might not have seen direct sunlight for billions of years. As the plume traveled nearly 10 miles above the crater’s rim, instruments aboard LCROSS and LRO made observations of the crater and debris and vapor clouds. After the impacts, grains of mostly pure water ice were lofted into the sunlight in the vacuum of space.
"Seeing mostly pure water ice grains in the plume means water ice was somehow delivered to the moon in the past, or chemical processes have been causing ice to accumulate in large quantities," said Anthony Colaprete, LCROSS project scientist and principal investigator at NASA's Ames Research Center.
In addition to water, the plume contained "volatiles." These are compounds that freeze in the cold lunar craters and vaporize easily when warmed by the sun. The suite of LCROSS and LRO instruments determined as much as 20 percent of the material kicked up by the LCROSS impact was volatiles, including methane, ammonia, hydrogen gas, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
[See image at link - LRK -]
Experiment . The map contains several intensely cold impact craters that could trap water ice and other icy compounds commonly observed in comets. The approximate maximum temperatures at which these compounds would be frozen in place for more than a billion years are noted at right.
 [larger image    http://science.nasa.gov/media/medialibrary/2010/10/21/southpole.jpg ]

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For more information about LCROSS, a complete list of the papers and their authors, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/lcross

For more information about the LRO mission, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/lro

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LCROSS/multimedia/index.html
LCROSS Multimedia

LCROSS Mission team - 27 images..

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LRO mission link.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/main/index.html
LRO: Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter The LRO mission objectives are to find safe landing sites, locate potential resources, characterize the radiation environment, and demonstrate new technology.
NASA Hosts Media Telecon Featuring Results of Moon Mission Impact

NASAl hosted a media teleconference at 2 p.m. EDT on Thursday, Oct. 21, to discuss additional findings from NASA's Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite, or LCROSS, and NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO, missions.

The results will be featured in six papers published in the Oct. 22 issue of the journal Science.
snip
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LRO Mission at Goddard Space Flight Center
http://lro.gsfc.nasa.gov/

Lunar Impact May Impact Lunar Science For Years To Come
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2010-345

Moon Crater Map Reveals Early Solar System History
Read More http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/09/moon-map/?pid=237&viewall=true#ixzz132TuQaqi

I shot an arrow into the air, it landed, I know not where.
I launched a rocket to the Moon, for profit, and soon.
http://www.asi.org/adb/02/07/lunacity-hotel.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemis_Project
- LRK -

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Comments accepted here - http://lunar-update.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================

-- NASA Missions Uncover The Moon's Buried Treasures
http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=31904

"Nearly a year after announcing the discovery of water molecules on the moon, scientists Thursday revealed new data uncovered by NASA's Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite, or LCROSS, and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO. The missions found evidence that the lunar soil within shadowy craters is rich in useful materials, and the moon is chemically active and has a water cycle. Scientists also confirmed the water was in the form of mostly pure ice crystals in some places."
snip
==============================================================
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LCROSS/main/index.html
LROSS
Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite

Latest News
    Media Telecon: LCROSS and LRO Science Science Results of Lunar Impact Date: Thursday, Oct. 21, 2010 Time: 11 a.m. PDT / 2 p.m. EDT A replay of the teleconference will be available until Nov. 4, 2010 by dialing 888-566-0674 from within the United States, or 203-369-3084 internationally. Passcode is 6267. Read more at -  http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LCROSS/main/oct_21_media_telecon.html
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http://www.nasa.gov/missions/current/index.html
NASA Current Missions

Links

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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Thursday, September 16, 2010

NASA'S Lunar Spacecraft Completes Exploration Mission Phase

Until we send humans or robots to the lunar surface, this will have to do.
Hopefully we will have students that will use the data to devise new missions.
- LRK -

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NASA'S Lunar Spacecraft Completes Exploration Mission Phase
http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2010/sep/HQ_10-223_LRO_Success.html

Sep. 15, 2010

Michael Braukus
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1979
michael.j.braukus@nasa.gov

Nancy Neal Jones
Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
301-286-0039
nancy.n.jones@nasa.gov


RELEASE: 10-223

NASA'S LUNAR SPACECRAFT COMPLETES EXPLORATION MISSION PHASE

WASHINGTON -- NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, or LRO, will
complete the exploration phase of its mission on Sept. 16, after a
number of successes that transformed our understanding of Earth's
nearest neighbor.

LRO completed a one-year exploration mission in a polar orbit
approximately 31 miles above the moon's surface. It produced a
comprehensive map of the lunar surface in unprecedented detail;
searched for resources and safe landing sites for potential future
missions to the moon; and measured lunar temperatures and radiation
levels.

The mission is turning its attention from exploration objectives to
scientific research, as program management moves from NASA's
Exploration Systems Mission Directorate to the Science Mission
Directorate at the agency's Headquarters in Washington.

"LRO has been an outstanding success. The spacecraft has performed
brilliantly," said Doug Cooke, associate administrator of the
Exploration Systems Mission Directorate. "LRO's science and
engineering teams achieved all of the mission's objectives, and the
incredible data LRO gathered will provide discoveries about the moon
for years to come."

The LRO team will continue to send data gathered during the last year
to the Planetary Data System, which archives and distributes
scientific information from NASA planetary missions, astronomical
observations and laboratory measurements.

By the time LRO achieves full mission success in March, and its data
is processed and released to the scientific community, it will have
sent more information to the Planetary Data System than all other
previous planetary missions combined. During its new phase of
discovery, LRO will continue to map the moon for two to four more
years.

"The official start of LRO's science phase should write a new and
intriguing chapter in lunar research," said Ed Weiler, associate
administrator for the Science Mission Directorate. "This mission is
one more asset added to NASA's vast science portfolio."

The spacecraft launched from NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida
carrying a suite of seven instruments on June 18, 2009. LRO formally
began its detailed survey of the moon in September 2009.

Results from the mission include: new observations of the Apollo
landing sites; indications that permanently shadowed and nearby
regions may harbor water and hydrogen; observations that large areas
in the permanently shadowed regions are colder than Pluto; detailed
information about lunar terrain; and the first evidence of a globally
distributed population of thrust faults that indicates the moon has
recently contracted and may still be shrinking.

LRO also took high resolution pictures of the Lunokhod 1 rover that
had been lost for almost 40 years. The rover, which carries a
retroreflector, was located to within approximately 150 feet. The
accurate position data enabled researchers on Earth to bounce laser
signals off the retroreflector for the first time ever. The
retroreflector is providing important new information about the
position and motion of the moon.

LRO also supported the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite
impact, a companion mission sent to determine if the moon's poles
harbor water ice, by helping to select a promising impact site. LRO
observed both the expanding plume that arose after the impact and the
evolving temperature at the site.

NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., built and
manages LRO for the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate. The
Institute for Space Research in Moscow provides the neutron detector
aboard the spacecraft. For more information about LRO, visit:
http://www.nasa.gov/lro

-end-

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It is easy to forget how close the Moon is to Earth.
It is easy to forget how close the Moon is to Earth.
It is easy to forget how close the Moon is to Earth.

Don't you think we should go there and do this and that?
It is easy to forget how close the Moon is to Earth.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc-20100916_earth.html

http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/482574main_20100916_1b.jpg
As LRO orbits the Moon every two hours sending down a stream of
science data, it is easy to forget how close the Moon is to the Earth.
The average distance between the two heavenly bodies is just 384,399
km (238,854 miles). Check your airline frequent flyer totals, perhaps
you have already flown the distance to the Moon and back on a single
airline! Contrast the current image with the NAC view  taken last
June, which revealed much of central Asia.

The Moon is a spectacular sight in the nighttime sky. Now imagine the
Earth from the Moon, four times larger, a delicate blue, and it does
not rise nor set. To astronauts, the Earth is a constant companion, at
least on the nearside. Of course, on the farside you can never see the
Earth.

snip
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Let us send something intelligent to the Moon.
If not me, then something that can see for me.
Something that will help others see what some politicians fail to see.
- LRK -

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http://tinyurl.com/2ax2hdz
As seen at http://www.kurzweilai.net/

New supercomputer on a chip ‘sees’ well enough to drive a car someday
September 16, 2010 by Amara D. Angelica

Eugenio Culurciello of Yale’s School of Engineering & Applied Science
has developed a supercomputer based on the ventral pathway of the
mammalian visual system. Dubbed NeuFlow, the system mimicks the visual
system’s neural network to quickly interpret the world around it.

The system uses complex vision algorithms developed by Yann LeCun at
New York University to run large neural networks for synthetic vision
applications. One idea — the one Culurciello and LeCun are focusing on
— is a system that would allow cars to drive themselves. In order to
be able to recognize the various objects encountered on the road—such
as other cars, people, stoplights, sidewalks, and the road
itself—NeuFlow processes tens of megapixel images in real time.

snip
http://www.kurzweilai.net/
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Maybe someone would like to print me up a 3D igloo made from regolith cement.
- LRK -

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http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/technology/14print.html?pagewanted=1&tntemail0=y&_r=4&emc=tnt
3-D
Printing Spurs a Manufacturing Revolution
By ASHLEE VANCE
Published: September 13, 2010

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http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/14/technology/14print.html?_r=3&pagewanted=2&tntemail0=y&emc=tnt
snip
But Contour Crafting, based in Los Angeles, has pushed 3-D printing
technology to its limits.
----
http://www.contourcrafting.org/
    Html version http://craft.usc.edu/CC/modem.html
    Shockwave  http://craft.usc.edu/CC/Welcome_files/contourcrafting.html
      *Requires broadband connection and the Shockwave media player
- which it would seem I don't have installed. LRK
----
Based on research done by Dr. Behrokh Khoshnevis, an engineering
professor at the University of Southern California, Contour Crafting
has created a giant 3-D printing device for building houses. The
start-up company is seeking money to commercialize a machine capable
of building an entire house in one go using a machine that fits on the
back of a tractor-trailer.

The 3-D printing wave has caught the attention of some of the world’s
biggest technology companies. Hewlett-Packard, the largest
paper-printer maker, has started reselling 3-D printing machines made
by Stratasys. And Google uses the CADspan software from LGM to help
people using its SketchUp design software turn their creations into
3-D printable objects.
snip
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Just think how hard it would be to work in the vacuum of the Moon,
and just think how much fun it would be to figure out how to do so. :-)

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Comments accepted here - http://lunar-update.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/main/index.html
Media Briefing on Latest Results from LRO

NASA is hosting a media teleconference at 2 p.m. EDT on Thursday,
September 16, to discuss compelling new research results from NASA's
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission.

Supporting information can be found here.

› Read the related media advisory
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/releases/2010/10-080.html

Five Things to Know about LRO

   * LRO is leading NASA’s way back to the moon.
   * The primary objective of LRO is to conduct investigations that
prepare for future lunar exploration. Specifically LRO will scout for
safe and compelling landing sites, locate potential resources (with
special attention to the possibility of water ice) and characterize
the effects of prolonged exposure to the lunar radiation environment.
In addition to its exploration mission, LRO will also return rich
scientific data that will help us to better understand the moon’s
topography and composition.
   * Seven scientific instruments outfit LRO. These instruments will
return lunar imagery, topography, temperature measurements and more.
   * Launched along with LRO was the Lunar CRater Observation and
Sensing Satellite (LCROSS), a partner mission that will search for
water ice on the moon.
   * In response to LRO's "Send Your Name to the Moon" initiative,
the spacecraft carries a microchip with nearly 1.6 million names
submitted by the public. Click here to view a photo of the microchip
containing the names as engineers prepare to install it on the
spacecraft.

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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Monday, July 05, 2010

Ten Cool Things Seen in the First Year of LRO

We waited a long time for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) to be launched to the Moon and now a year has gone by in orbit.  Back then we thought humans were going back to the Moon also.  Hopefully folks will use the LRO data to find interesting things about the Moon and be useful for planning other robotic missions that might take place on the surface of the Moon.

By the time it is alright to mention humans and the Moon in the same sentence we will have sufficient justification to profitable to develop the Lunar resources.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/first-year.html
Ten Cool Things Seen in the First Year of LRO
06.23.10

Having officially reached lunar orbit on June 23rd, 2009, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has now marked one full year on its mission to scout the moon. Maps and datasets collected by LRO’s state-of-the-art instruments will form the foundation for all future lunar exploration plans, as well as be critical to scientists working to better understand the moon and its environment. In only the first year of the mission, LRO has gathered more digital information than any previous planetary mission in history. To celebrate one year in orbit, here are ten cool things already observed by LRO. Note that the stories here are just a small sample of what the LRO team has released and barely touch on the major scientific accomplishments of the mission. If you like these, visit the official LRO web site at www.nasa.gov/LRO to find out even more!

snip
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And you saw it mentioned here.
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/overview/index.html
LRO Overview

On the moon we will develop technologies to survive in the infinite frontier of space, because the moon presents the same challenges we will encounter throughout the universe: harmful radiation, electrified dust, and extreme temperatures.

Just as a scout finds the safest way for expeditions on Earth, NASA will first send a robotic scout, called the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), to gather crucial data on the lunar environment that will help astronauts prepare for long-duration lunar expeditions.

snip
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Images
- LRK -

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http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/index.html
Moon Images from LRO

LRO Photographs

Images of the Moon

snip
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Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
Comments accepted here - http://lunar-update.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================
http://lro.gsfc.nasa.gov/
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Home site.
snip
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http://wms.lroc.asu.edu/lroc_browse
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera

Browse images

Home
http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/
snip
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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Thursday, April 29, 2010

Looking up continues to be interesting - just reflecting

We just read about LRO finding the precise location of Lunokhod 1 and 2 on the Moon. The below link talks about how the reflectors left on the Moon have degraded and that the one placed by Lunokhod 1 no longer worked. Now that the location of them has been verified part of this report won't be correct or at least is dated, since now that we know exactly where Lunokhod 1 is, it has been determined we can see reflected laser pulses and very well indeed.

Dust may indeed be a problem and hopefully we will send more robots to the Moon to look into the Lunar environment. I say robots, since at the moment we may have to wait awhile to send humans.
- LRk -

---------------------------------------
http://news.discovery.com/space/moon-mirror-apollo.html
Lunar Mirror Mystery Solved
Reflectors placed on the moon during Apollo missions practically stop working during a full moon. Now we may know why.

Sun Mar 14, 2010 06:43 AM ET
Content provided by Stuart Gary, ABC Science Online

THE GIST:

* Reflectors were placed on the moon during Apollo missions.
* During a full moon, their reflectivity drops by a factor of 10.
* New research proposes that dust on the reflectors heats up during a full moon, distorting their shape.

snip
---------------------------------------

Another article on the results of LRO finding the Lunokhod rovers. Nice picture on the web site.
- LRK -

---------------------------------------
http://news.discovery.com/space/lost-and-found-soviet-lunar-rover.html
Lost and Found: Soviet Lunar Rover

Analysis by Irene Klotz
Tue Apr 27, 2010 03:09 PM ET

In November 1970, a Soviet probe landed on the surface of the moon and released two ramps. A rover, named Lunokhod 1, descended to the surface to take pictures and conduct experiments. It carried with it a French-made light reflector, which could be used by scientists on Earth to compute distances and better understand lunar geology.

Ten months later, Lunokhod 1 fell silent, its location on the moon unknown. Over the years, scientists occasionally beamed a laser around its last known coordinates, hoping for a return beam from the reflector. They got no response and figured the rover had fallen into a crater or parked itself beneath a cliff, blocking its reflector from Earth.

snip
---------------------------------------

Posted this link before. If you didn't check it out here is a paragraph that shows what can be done with new information by dedicated personnel. What other information will we see from the Moon?
- LRK -

---------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lro-20100426.html
NASA's LRO Team Helps Track Laser Signals to Russian Rover Mirror

snip
“Getting more than a few photons back from an unknown location at the distance of the moon is quite an achievement. The rediscovery of the Lunokhod-1 retroreflector was made possible by the LRO camera team and by the diligence of Tom Murphy,” said Gregory Neumann, Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter team member from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. “That we have located it so quickly and ranged to the Lunokhod rover, last heard from Sept. 4, 1971, is a tribute to Tom's team and to the amazing LRO observatory and instrument teams.”

snip
---------------------------------------

The former Soviet Union had a lot of Lunar firsts. Other nations may well add some to their credit as well. For now we in the USA will have to be satisfied with the results from orbiters. It would be nice to be able to do more with the information from LRO.
- LRK -

---------------------------------------
http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/lost-soviet-reflector-found-on-moon-100427.html
Lost Soviet Reflecting Device Rediscovered on the Moon
By SPACE.com Staff

posted: 27 April 2010
09:57 am ET

A long lost light reflector that was left on the surface of the moon by the former Soviet Union has been rediscovered by a team of American physicists after nearly 40 years using lasers beamed from Earth.

snip
---------------------------------------

Well another reason to look up. :-)

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================
http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/359938main_LRO_factsheet.pdf
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter - Fact Sheet

Return to the Moon: The First Step The United States has begun a program to extend human presence in the solar system, beginning with a return to the Moon.

[Beginning with a return to the Moon - has a nice sound to it - Make It So! - LRK -]
snip
==============================================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

==============================================================

LRO Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter - Something we can watch now

---------------------------------------
http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/

LRO Observations

View the full gallery of images gathered from LRO's instruments and the associated information products derived from them. Thus information, including boulder distribution maps, slope maps and digital terrain models will guide engineers and scientists as they develop their plans for how they will continue to explore the moon.

* New Lunar Images and Data Available to the Public
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/image_release.html

* 3D Measurements of Apollo 14 Landing Site
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc-20100129-apollo14.html

* LRO Team Begins to Release New Image Series
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc-20100107-new-images.html

* LROC Prepares for Planetary Data System Data Transfer
http://lroc.sese.asu.edu/news/index.php?/archives/159-LROC-NAC-Image-Prerelease.html

* NASA Unveils Latest Results From Lunar Mission
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/agu-results-2009.html

* Diviner Observes Extreme Polar Temperatures
http://www.diviner.ucla.edu/blog/?m=20091215

* Latest Results Help Prepare for Next Stage of Scientific Discovery
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/agu-results-2009.html

* Popular Science Recognizes LRO in 'Best of What's New'
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/popular_science.html

* Adler Planetarium to construct a 3D overflight simulator for its
"Shoot for the Moon" exhibit
http://www.biztechmagazine.com/article.asp?item_id=681

* LCROSS Impact Data Indicates Water on Moon
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LCROSS/main/prelim_water_results.html

* LRO Gets Additional View of Apollo 11 Landing Site
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc_200911109_apollo11.html

snip
---------------------------------------

LRO has been sending us back images of various Apollo sites and of the Soviet Lunokhod rovers.
The Rovers had laser reflectors and the one from Lunokhod 2 has been used for returning signals from Earth. Now the other reflector from Lunokhod 1 has been found and laser beams
sent to it and reflected back to Earth.
- LRK -

---------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/lro-20100426.html
NASA's LRO Team Helps Track Laser Signals to Russian Rover Mirror

Using information provided by NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) instrument teams, researchers at the University of California San Diego successfully pinpointed the location of a long lost light reflector on the lunar surface by bouncing laser signals from Earth to the Russian Lunokhod 1 retroreflector.

The initial imaging of the two Russian rovers, Lunokhod 1 and 2 were made earlier this year by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) team, led by Mark Robinson from Arizona State University in Tempe.

On April 22, Tom Murphy from the University of California San Diego and his team sent pulses of laser light from the 3.5 meter telescope at the Apache Point Observatory in New Mexico, zeroing in on the target coordinates provided by the LROC images and altitudes provided by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter.

“We quickly verified the signal to be real and found it to be surprisingly bright: at least five times brighter than the other Soviet reflector, on the Lunokhod 2 rover, to which we routinely send laser pulses,” said Tom Murphy, an associate professor of physics at the University of California San Diego. “The best signal we’ve seen from Lunokhod 2 in several years of effort is 750 return photons, but we got about 2,000 photons from Lunokhod 1 on our first try. It’s got a lot to say after almost 40 years of silence.”

Since Apollo deployed laser retroreflectors, astronomers have routinely used them track how the moon is slowly moving away from the Earth. This helps scientists develop a better understanding of the processes that are causing this motion, including what’s occurring inside the moon’s core and the tidal motions on the Earth.

snip
---------------------------------------

What did they say, the best return signal from Lunokhod 2 has been 750 photons. That is a reflected laser beam bouncing back from the Moon some quarter of a million miles away and you catch 750 photons. Now they are excited about being able to catch 2000 photons, and I thought
my old flashlight with tired batteries was dim.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon
- LRK -

---------------------------------------
http://www.space.com/scienceastronomy/lost-soviet-reflector-found-on-moon-100427.html
Lost Soviet Reflecting Device Rediscovered on the Moon
By SPACE.com Staff

posted: 27 April 2010
09:57 am ET

A long lost light reflector that was left on the surface of the moon by the former Soviet Union has been rediscovered by a team of American physicists after nearly 40 years using lasers beamed from Earth.

The French-built laser reflector was sent aboard the unmanned Soviet Luna 17 mission, which landed on the moon on Nov. 17, 1970 and released a robotic rover that roamed the lunar surface and carried the sought after laser reflector.

The Soviet lander and its rover, called Lunokhod 1, were last heard from on Sept. 14, 1971.

"No one had seen the reflector since 1971," said Tom Murphy, an associate professor of physics at the University of California San Diego. Murphy leads a team of scientists in a long-term effort to use laser reflectors to measure the shape of the lunar orbit and look for deviations in Einstein's Theory of General Relativity.

"We routinely use the three hardy reflectors placed on the moon by the Apollo 11, 14 and 15 missions, and occasionally the Soviet-landed Lunokhod 2 reflector – though it does not work well enough to use when illuminated by sunlight," Murphy said. "But we yearned to find Lunokhod 1."

snip
---------------------------------------

Well another reason to look up. :-)

Thanks for looking up with me.
- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================
http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/images/359938main_LRO_factsheet.pdf
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter - Fact Sheet

Return to the Moon: The First Step The United States has begun a program to extend human presence in the solar system, beginning with a return to the Moon. Returning to the Moon will enable the pursuit of scientific activities that address our fundamental questions about the history of Earth, the solar system, and the universe— and about our place in them. Returning to the Moon will allow us to test technologies, systems, flight operations, and exploration techniques to reduce the risk and enable future missions to Mars and beyond.

snip
==============================================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

==============================================================

Saturday, April 03, 2010

Images of Surveyor 3, 5, and 6 and Luna 20 and 24 from LRO

Larry Klaes posted to fpspace this note:

--------------------------------------------
Sky & Telescope had a post on an impact crater made by the Saturn 5 boosterstage that got Apollo 13 sort of to the Moon imaged by LRO:

http://www.skyandtelescope.com/community/skyblog/newsblog/89359412.html

In the process the author also mentions that LRO has imaged some of theSurveyor and Luna landers too! Not sure how I missed these but they arelinked from the article.
They will definitely make you appreciate how tough it will be to find Luna 9.Hopefully the crashed landers left a noticable crater to help in IDing.
Larry
--------------------------------------------
http://www.skyandtelescope.com/community/skyblog/newsblog/89359412.html
A Blast from the Past
With the cancellation of plans to return Americans to the Moon, atleast anytime soon, you might think that NASA's Lunar ReconnaissanceOrbiter is a spacecraft without a mission. After all, LRO's two keyobjectives were to scan the lunar landscape for places where futurecrews could safely land and to assess how much water might be stashedin the Moon's polar regions. But don't worry: the global observationsbeing returned by this highly capable orbiter will keep lunarspecialists busy for decades. Here's a guide to the spacecraft's seveninstruments.

Much ado has been made of LRO's views of landing sites from previousmissions. Most famous among these is the revered Apollo 11 site,Tranquility Base, snapped a couple of times last year. The stunninglydetailed views are made possible by LRO's high-resolution cameras,dubbed LROC. The twin sets of 8-inch (195-mm) f/3.6 optics, viewingfrom an orbit only 30 miles (50 km) up, resolve the lunar terrain atabout 2 feet (0.5 m) per pixel.

snip
--------------------------------------------

You will want to check out the link and the hot links on the web pagefor more images from LRO.
- LRK -

Also the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter web site.
--------------------------------------------
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
http://lunar.gsfc.nasa.gov/
LRO ObservationsView the full gallery of images gathered from LRO's instruments andthe associated information products derived from them. Thusinformation, including boulder distribution maps, slope maps anddigital terrain models will guide engineers and scientists as theydevelop their plans for how they will continue to explore the moon.

Photo Gallery
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/LROMoonImages_archive_1.html
--------------------------------------------
I guess for now this is as close to the Moon we are going to get.We can only hope that if it is Mars Direct that happens that we willhave the necessary developments in place to use on the Moon as well.

Eventually both places should show a human presence and not just rover tracks.It will probably happen after I quite talking to you but maybe therewill be an after life that will let me come back and bug you all. :-)
- LRK -

In the mean time feel free to let me know what interests you all.
- LRK -

I wish we could hold NASA to what is posted here.
--------------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/home/index.html
At the core of NASA's future in space exploration is a return to themoon, where we will build a sustainable long term human presence.

As the space shuttle approaches retirement, NASA is building the nextfleet of vehicles to service the International Space Station andreturn humans to the moon, and possibly to Mars and beyond. In supportof these efforts, ESMD is performing field tests, designing surfacesystems and conducting advanced human research to ensure that futuremissions are safe, sustainable and affordable

snip
--------------------------------------------

Will this continue? --- ESMD is performing field tests, designingsurface systems and conducting advanced human research to ensure thatfuture missions are safe, sustainable and affordable ---

Or will I have to go look at the Web Archive to see what was promised?
- LRK -

--------------------------------------------
Wayback Machine
http://www.archive.org/web/web.php
Browse through over 150 billion web pages archived from 1996 to a fewmonths ago. To start surfing the Wayback, type in the web address of asite or page where you would like to start, and press enter. Thenselect from the archived dates available. The resulting pages point toother archived pages at as close a date as possible. Keyword searchingis not currently supported.

snip
--------------------------------------------

Thanks for looking up with me.- LRK -

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
==============================================================
LRO Images
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/LROMoonImages_archive_1.html

The LRO Spacecraft, Instrument by Instrumenthttp://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/spacecraft/index.html

snip
==============================================================
WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK
==============================================================

Thursday, October 29, 2009

LRO - Apollo 17 Lunar Module Landing Site

It now seems we can see some pictures of the Apollo 17 landing site
from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.
- LRK -

------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/multimedia/lroimages/lroc_20091028_apollo.html
LRO - Apollo 17 Lunar Module Landing Site

Apollo 17 Lunar Module Challenger descent stage comes into focus from
the new lower 50 km mapping orbit, image width 102 meters. Credit:
NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University
http://www.nasa.gov/images/content/397620main_challenger_4x_350.jpg

LRO maneuvered into its 50-km mapping orbit on September 15. The next
pass over the Apollo 17 landing site resulted in images with more than
two times better resolution than previously acquired. At the time of
this recent overflight the Sun was high in the sky (28° incidence
angle) helping to bring out subtle differences in surface brightness.
The descent stage of the lunar module Challenger is now clearly
visible, at 50 cm per pixel (angular resolution) the descent stage
deck is 8 pixels across (4 meters), also note that the legs are also
now distinguishable. The descent stage served as the launch pad for
the ascent stage as it blasted off for a rendezvous with the command
module America on 14 December 1972.

Tracks are clearly visible and can be followed to the east, where
astronauts Jack Schmitt and Gene Cernan set up the Surface Electrical
Properties experiment (SEP). Cernan drove the Lunar Roving Vehicle
(LRV) in an intersecting north-south and east-west course to mark
positions for laying out the SEP 35-meter antennas (circle labeled
"SEP" marks the area of the SEP transmitter). The dark area just below
the SEP experiment is where the astronauts left the rover, in a prime
spot for monitoring the liftoff.

snip
------------------------------------
http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=32693
LRO Image of Apollo 17 Landing Site

LRO maneuvered into its 50-km mapping orbit on September 15. The next
pass over the Apollo 17 landing site resulted in images with more than
two times better resolution than previously acquired. At the time of
this recent overflight the Sun was high in the sky (28° incidence
angle) helping to bring out subtle differences in surface brightness.

The descent stage of the lunar module Challenger is now clearly
visible, at 50 cm per pixel (angular resolution) the descent stage
deck is 8 pixels across (4 meters), also note that the legs are also
now distinguishable. The descent stage served as the launch pad for
the ascent stage as it blasted off for a rendezvous with the command
module America on 14 December 1972.

------------------------------------
Also - http://www.onorbit.com/node/1658

A quick refresher on Apollo 17
- LRK -
------------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_17
Apollo 17

Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo
program. It was the first night launch of a U.S. human spaceflight and
the sixth and final lunar landing mission of the Apollo program. The
mission was launched at 12:33 a.m. EST on December 7, 1972, and
concluded on December 19. It remains both the most recent manned moon
landing and manned flight beyond low Earth orbit. It also broke
several records set by previous flights, including longest manned
lunar landing flight; longest total lunar surface extravehicular
activities; largest lunar sample return, and longest time in lunar
orbit.

snip
------------------------------------

Maybe you would like to read about what Apollo 17 mission was about.
- LRK -

------------------------------------
http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a17/A17_PressKit.pdf
Press Kit
176 page PDF file

APOLLO 17 LAUNCH DECEMBER 6
The night launch of Apollo 17 on December 6 will be
visible to people on a large portion of the eastern seaborad
as the final United States manned lunar lhnding mission gets
underway.
------------------------------------

We have had access to a lot of Apollo images from the actual mission time frame.
Off course some would probably say they were all part of lunar hoax. :-)
- LRK -

------------------------------------
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollo/
Lunar and Planetary Institute
Apollo Image Atlas

Foreword
Scanning and Processing Information
Credits
The Apollo Image Atlas can be accessed in the following ways:

Browse Image Catalog
70mm Hasselblad
Mapping (Metric)
Panoramic
Apollo Lunar Surface Closeup Camera (ALSCC)
35mm Nikon
Search
Search by Feature Name
Search by Coordinate
Search by Description
Slideshows
70mm Hasselblad
Mapping (Metric)

The Apollo Image Atlas is a comprehensive collection of Apollo-Saturn
mission photography. Included are almost 25,000 lunar images, both
from orbit and from the moon's surface, as well as photographs of the
earth, astronauts and mission hardware.

Other sites of interest:
Apollo Surface Panoramas
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/apollopanoramas/
Consolidated Lunar Atlas of the Moon
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/cla/
Lunar Orbiter Photo Gallery
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunarorbiter/
Lunar Orbiter Photographic Atlas of the Moon
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_orbiter/
Ranger Photographs of the Moon
http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/ranger/
USGS Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature
http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/
------------------------------------

When will a tourist be able to snap their own pictures at these
historical sites?

Thanks for looking up with me.

Larry Kellogg

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
Twitter: http://twitter.com/lrkellogg
==============================================================
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/apollo17info.html
Apollo 17

Launched: 7 December 1972 UT 05:33:00 (12:33:00 a.m. EST)
Landed on Moon: 11 December 1972 UT 19:54:57 (02:54:57 p.m. EST)
Landing Site: Taurus-Littrow (20.19 N, 30.77 E)
Returned to Earth: 19 December 1972 UT 19:24:59 (02:24:59 p.m. EST)
Eugene A. Cernan, commander
Ronald E. Evans, command module pilot
Harrison H. Schmitt, lunar module pilot

snip
==============================================================
If you like the numbers you will find them here. - LRK -
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00a_Cover.htm
APOLLO BY THE NUMBERS:
A Statistical Reference

by
Richard W. Orloff

NASA History Division
Office of Policy and Plans
NASA Headquarters
Washington, DC 20546

NASA SP-2000-4029
2000
Revised, September 2004

ISBN 0-16-050631-X
-----------------------------
http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_00g_Table_of_Contents.htm
Table of Contents

Foreword
Introduction
Acknowledgments
Dedication
About The Author
Apollo 1 - The Fire
Apollo 7 - The First Mission: Testing the CSM in Earth Orbit
Apollo 8 - The Second Mission: Testing the CSM in Lunar Orbit
Apollo 9 - The Third Mission: Testing the LM in Earth Orbit
Apollo 10 - The Fourth Mission: Testing the LM in Lunar Orbit
Apollo 11 - The Fifth Mission: The First Lunar Landing
Apollo 12 - The Sixth Mission: The Second Lunar Landing
Apollo 13 - The Seventh Mission: The Third Lunar Landing Attempt
Apollo 14 - The Eighth Mission: The Third Lunar Landing
Apollo 15 - The Ninth Mission: The Fourth Lunar Landing
Apollo 16 - The Tenth Mission: The Fifth Lunar Landing

Apollo 17 - The Eleventh Mission: The Sixth Lunar Landing
http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4029/Apollo_17a_Summary.htm

snip
==============================================================
http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/
Apollo Lunar Surface Journal

The Apollo Lunar Surface Journal is a record of the lunar surface
operations conducted by the six pairs of astronauts who landed on the
Moon from 1969 through 1972. The Journal is intended as a resource for
anyone wanting to know what happened during the missions and why. It
includes a corrected transcript of all recorded conversations between
the lunar surface crews and Houston. The Journal also contains
extensive, interwoven commentary by the Editor and by ten of the
twelve moonwalking astronauts.

snip
==============================================================
http://history.nasa.gov/alsj/a17/images17.html
Apollo 17 Image Library

This Apollo 17 Image Library contains all of the pictures taken on the
lunar surface by the astronauts together with pictures from pre-flight
training and pictures of equipment and the flight hardware.
High-resolution version of many of the lunar surface images are
included. A source for both thumbnail and low -resolution versions of
the lunar surface images is a website compiled by Paul Spudis and
colleagues at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston.

snip
==============================================================

WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

==============================================================

Friday, September 18, 2009

NASA's new lunar mapper begins primary mission

NASA's new lunar mapper begins primary mission

LRO has started mapping the Moon and being in a polar orbit lets it
cross the poles on each orbit.
Already data is starting to fill in what the poles have to offer for
finding Hydrogen and possibly water in those dark craters.
- LRK -

--------------------------------------------------------
http://www.spaceflightnow.com/atlas/av020/090917mapping.html
BY WILLIAM HARWOOD
STORY WRITTEN FOR CBS NEWS "SPACE PLACE" & USED WITH PERMISSION
Posted: September 17, 2009

After two months of checkout and calibration, NASA's $504 million
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter was maneuvered into a circular
31-mile-high mapping orbit Tuesday and scientists said Thursday the
spacecraft's instruments are delivering intriguing clues about the
possible presence of water ice.

"The moon is starting to reveal her secrets, but some of those secrets
are tantalizingly complex," said Michael Wargo, NASA's chief lunar
scientist.
snip
--------------------------------------------------------

Check out the LRO information and the results of the briefing.
- LRK -

--------------------------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/news/south_pole.html
LRO Early Results Press Conference Visuals
09.17.09

GREENBELT, Md. -- NASA showcased new images from the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter's seven instruments and provided updates about
the topography of the moon's south pole during a news conference on
September 17. NASA also provided an update about the spacecraft's
status and mission plans. The briefing took place at NASA's Goddard
Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.

› NASA press release
http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/sep/HQ_09-215_LRO_First_Light.html

Briefing Speakers

› Craig Tooley, LRO project manager, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
› Michael Wargo, chief lunar scientist, Exploration Systems Mission
Directorate, NASA Headquarters
› Richard Vondrak, LRO project scientist, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
› David Smith, Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter principal investigator,
NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Images and Multimedia in Support of the News Conference
snip
--------------------------------------------------------

More information and links, images, videos.
- LRK -

--------------------------------------------------------
http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/LRO/main/index.html
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
NASA's First Step Back to the Moon

Mission News
--------------------------------------------------------

LRO has a Twitter account if you want to keep up with what they have to say.
http://twitter.com/LRO_NASA

I hope not only the press but the general public gets the word that we
are at the Moon and getting good data'
Hopefully we will have some good decisions on where would be a good
place to land with humans.

AND, that we do indeed land humans on the Moon with the goal to
understand it and develope it.
- LRK -


Thanks for looking up with me.

Larry Kellogg

Web Site: http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
BlogSpot: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link: http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
Newsletter: https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
Twitter: http://twitter.com/lrkellogg
==============================================================
http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/sep/HQ_09-215_LRO_First_Light.html
Sept. 17, 2009
RELEASE : 09-215

NASA Lunar Satellite Begins Detailed Mapping of Moon's South Pole

GREENBELT, Md. -- NASA reported Thursday that its Lunar Reconnaissance
Orbiter, or LRO, has successfully completed its testing and
calibration phase and entered its mapping orbit of the moon. The
spacecraft already has made significant progress toward creating the
most detailed atlas of the moon's south pole to date. Scientists
released preliminary images and data from LRO's seven instruments.

"The LRO mission already has begun to give us new data that will lead
to a vastly improved atlas of the lunar south pole and advance our
capability for human exploration and scientific benefit," said Richard
Vondrak, LRO project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
in Greenbelt, Md.

LRO is scheduled for a one-year exploration mission in a polar orbit
of about 31 miles above the lunar surface, the closest any spacecraft
has orbited the moon. During the next year, LRO will produce a
complete map of the lunar surface in unprecedented detail, search for
resources and safe landing sites for human explorers, and measure
lunar temperatures and radiation levels.

"The LRO instruments, spacecraft, and ground systems continue to
operate essentially flawlessly," said Craig Tooley, LRO project
manager at Goddard "The team completed the planned commissioning and
calibration activities on time and also got a significant head start
collecting data even before we moved to the mission's mapping orbit."

The south pole of the moon is of great interest to explorers because
potential resources such as water ice or hydrogen may exist there.
Permanently shadowed polar craters that are bitterly cold at their
bottoms may hold deposits of water ice or hydrogen from comet impacts
or the solar wind. The deposits may have accumulated in these
"cold-trap" regions over billions of years. If enough of these
resources exist to make mining practical, future long-term human
missions to the moon potentially could save the considerable expense
of hauling water from Earth.

First results from LRO's Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector, or LEND,
indicate that permanently shadowed and nearby regions may harbor water
and hydrogen. Additional observations will be needed to confirm this.
LEND relies on a decrease in neutron radiation from the lunar surface
to indicate the presence of water or hydrogen.

"If these deposits are present, an analysis of them will help us
understand the interaction of the moon with the rest of the solar
system," Vondrak said.

Data from LRO's Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter, or LOLA, however,
indicates that exploring these areas will be challenging because the
terrain is very rough. The roughness is probably a result of the lack
of atmosphere and absence of erosion from wind or water, according to
David Smith, LOLA principal investigator at Goddard.

LRO's other instruments also are providing data to help map the moon's
terrain and resources. According to the first measurements from the
Diviner instrument, large areas in the permanently shadowed craters
are about minus 400 degrees Fahrenheit (33 Kelvin), more than cold
enough to store water ice or hydrogen for billions of years.

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera is providing high-resolution
images of permanently shadowed regions while lighting conditions
change as the moon's south pole enters lunar summer.

LRO's Lyman Alpha Mapping Project, or LAMP, also is preparing to
search for surface ice and frost in the polar regions. The instrument
provides images of permanently shadowed regions illuminated only by
starlight and the glow of interplanetary hydrogen emission. LAMP has
provided information to confirm the instrument is working well on both
the lunar night and day sides.

The Mini RF Technology Demonstration on LRO has confirmed
communications capability and produced detailed radar images of
potential targets for LRO's companion mission, the Lunar Crater
Observation and Sensing Satellite, which will impact the moon's south
pole on Oct. 9.

Meanwhile, LRO's Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation
instrument is exploring the lunar radiation environment and its
potential effects on humans during record high, "worst-case" cosmic
ray intensities accompanying the extreme solar minimum conditions of
this solar cycle.

Goddard built and manages LRO, a NASA mission with international
participation from the Institute for Space Research in Moscow. Russia
provides the neutron detector aboard the spacecraft.

For more information about LRO and to view the new images, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/lro

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[Comments in German and Images - LRK -]
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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK

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