January 5, 2006

Good day.

Geraldo in Brazil, South America, asked
"What is the USA waiting for?
China landing first?
And solicit them permission to land there?".

I should think that many have asked that question as well. - LRK -

Gary in PA, USA had some comments too.

One leads to the subject today, "Could you imagine if we took what was spent
on war and the preparation for war (by all countries) in just that past 20
years and put it towards health, food, energy and space development?"

My returned thoughts included the comment that it takes some emotional tug
at the gut to get us up off of the couch and talk of war or rumors of war
does that. It lets others take charge of your Picture Frame and force you
to see a different horizon and path than maybe you would like.

Much money spent on weapons, but sharing of information tends to go by the
way side. This is not a new thing but would be nice if it could change.
Leonardo da Vinci designed weapons for his patron.
http://www.realarmorofgod.com/leonardo-da-vinci.html Some of you probably
have too.

My hope is that if all the nations that have said they are going to the
Moon, do so, there would be a wealth of information about our nearest space
neighbor to share.

In this day of secrecy that seems to be evident in our government, that may
not happen.

We have mentioned before the problems with the present laws that limit what
can be sold or bought that may be determined as relating to our ITAR
regulations. Some more on that below. - LRK -

Let me copy a paragraph out of another Return To The Moon book. I think we
need to able to talk about going to the Moon and to form synergistic ways to
share information with others. Really don't need to have robotic rovers
running into each other or duplicating the same efforts.

If you know of someone in the chain of command that can help influence this
discussion, let them know we want to go back to the Moon to stay.

(Just be careful about lobbying with a lot of money.)
----------------------------------------------------------
Is noose tightening for Ney in Jack Abramoff Investigation
http://www.athensnews.com/issue/article.php3?story_id=23012
----------------------------------------------------------

David Schrunk shared his interest in locating a Lunar Base at the South Pole
of the Moon on Malapert Mountain and Ron Wells wanted me to be more specific
as to where Helium-3 was concentrated and why the commercial aspect is
important. Posted those notes below.

Hopefully we will have many bases over time.

I'll be most happy to see the first one established wherever it might be as
long is there is a plan to make them permanent and self sustaining. The
more the better though.

Thanks for looking up with me.

Larry Kellogg

Web Site http://lkellogg.vttoth.com/LarryRussellKellogg/
Blog Spot http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/
RSS link http://kelloggserialreports.blogspot.com/atom.xml
News ltr https://news.altair.com/mailman/listinfo/lunar-update
The Study of the Pioneer Anomaly: New Data and Objectives for New
Investigation - http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0512121
Authors: Slava G. Turyshev, Viktor T. Toth, Larry R. Kellogg, Eunice. L.
Lau, Kyong J. Lee
=============================================================
http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1894959329/104-8050845-2801568
Return to the Moon (Paperback)
by Rick N. Tumlinson (Editor), Erin Medlicott (Editor)

Book Description

In this volume of essays, the top experts and major players behind the
United State's recently renewed push to the moon fuel a growing debate over
lunar exploration. The announcement in 2004 that the U.S. would be revamping
its moon program inspired both excitement about the possibilities and
concern over cost and safety issues. This book takes the controversy out of
the realm of pure science and into the mainstream of national debate. Lunar
experts Alan Binder, Andy Chaikin, Yoji Kondo, Courtney Stadd, Frank White,
and many others weigh in on the case for a return, point out the best way to
do it, and speculate on what could be done with this newly obtained real
estate. The essays are accompanied by illustrations of what life on the moon
might look like. Contributions come from different perspectives and styles,
offering a broad take on the very real possibility that humans will again
walk—and work, live, and play—on the lunar landscape. From telescopes and
tourism, to training for Mars, to building a new branch of humanity and
saving the Earth, this compendium makes the case for sending people back to
the moon.

=============================================================
>From above book, a paragraph from Rosanna Sattler, Esq. article on
"Transporting A Legal System From The Earth To The Moon", page 101 -
Export Control Impediments
....
Export controls restrict the ability of U. S. companies to freely share
with, sell or convey to other nations commodities, technologies, goods and
services relating to space. Under these laws, Items and services that could
be used for military purposes are evaluated and then deemed to be defense
articles or defense services if they do "not have predominant civil
applications" or are not equal in form, fit or function to an established
article or service used for civil applications. State and Commerce conduct
case-by-case evaluations of articles and services which include a review of
the nature, function, "variety, and predominance" of its civil applications
as compared to the nature, function and possible capability of military use.
If the article is found to be a "defense article," it is placed on the
United States Munitions List, but only if "the failure to control such items
... would jeopardize significant national security or foreign policy
interests." These items include information systems and computer software
that could become a "component" of a defense article. To sell an item on
that list, the company must register with the Office of Defense Trade
Controls and apply for a license. The arbitrary practice of classifying
technologies and destinations results in a administrative practice of
case-by-case evaluation of license applications with predictably arbitrary
results. ...
---
Rosanna Sattler is a partner with the Boston law firm of Posternak
Blankstein & Lund, LLP, and chair of the firm's Space Law and
Telecommunication Group, as well as its Environmental Group, with extensive
knowledge about a range of emerging legal issues in the commercialization of
outer space. She was a presenter at the International Space Business
Council Law Forum at the National Press Club. In 2003, she authored an
article in Kluwer Law International's Air & Space Law concerning U.S.
commercial activities aboard the International Space Station. Ms. Sattler's
interests include the developing law of contract and property right in
space, as well as liability and insurance for space endeavors. A Harvard
Law School graduate, Ms. Sattler is a member of the American Bar
Association's Forum on Air and Space Law.

============================================================
http://axion.physics.ubc.ca/ITAR.html
FEDERAL REGISTER
VOL. 58, No. 139
Rules and Regulations
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs
22 CFR Parts 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, and 130
[Public Notice 1832]
Amendments to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations
Part II
58 FR 39280
DATE: Thursday, July 22, 1993
ACTION: Final rule.
snip
--------------------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITAR
International Traffic in Arms Regulations
>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from ITAR)
Jump to: navigation, search

This page is about the U.S. export law ITAR. For the Russian news agency see
ITAR-TASS.
International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) is a set of United States
government regulations that authorizes the President of the United States to
control the export and import of defense-related material and services. The
regulations are described in Title 22 (Foreign Relations), Chapter I
(Department of State), Subchapter M of the Code of Federal Regulations.
Until 1996–1997, ITAR classified strong cryptography as arms and prohibited
their export from the U.S.

[edit]
External links
http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text-idx?sid=a5d12a23a5dfe0e4495181703bdae79a&c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title22/22cfrv1_02.tpl
Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR)
BETA TEST SITE
e-CFR Data is current as of January 1, 2006
snip
SUBCHAPTER M--INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC IN ARMS REGULATIONS
120
120.1 to 120.32
PURPOSE AND DEFINITIONS
121
121.1 to 121.16
THE UNITED STATES MUNITIONS LIST
122
122.1 to 122.5
REGISTRATION OF MANUFACTURERS AND EXPORTERS
123
123.1 to 123.27
LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF DEFENSE ARTICLES
124
124.1 to 124.15
AGREEMENTS, OFF-SHORE PROCUREMENT AND OTHER DEFENSE SERVICES
125
125.1 to 125.9
LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF TECHNICAL DATA AND CLASSIFIED DEFENSE ARTICLES
126
126.1 to 126.15
GENERAL POLICIES AND PROVISIONS
127
127.1 to 127.12
VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES
128
128.1 to 128.17
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
129
129.1 to 129.10
REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF BROKERS
130
130.1 to 130.17
POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS, FEES AND COMMISSIONS
snip

============================================================
Larry,

Thanks for the latest newsletter -- very good food for thought.
Of course, I'm promoting the summit of Malapert Mountain as the place to
begin our permanent off-world venture. Smart-1 data will give us much
valuable information of the sunlight incidence at the summit (hence altitude
/ topography data) -- and that data should be available this year.

My prediction: MM receives full sunlight more than 85% (and maybe more than
90%) of the lunar year and always has the Earth in view for continuous high
bandwidth communications. On that basis alone it is the optimum site for
our first permanent base. There is an estimated 10 square kilometers of
flat surface at the summit for all kinds of landers, the 3-kilometer
depression at the south base of the mountain appears to be a giant cold trap
(for resources and IR astronomy), and the summit dominates the south polar
region for the coordination of follow-on exploration efforts.

The next challenge is how do we set up rules for the synergistic integration
of the landers that will be placed on MM by the int'l community over the
coming years?

Anyway, thanks for keeping the heat on -- we need to keep thinking 5-10
years ahead.

David Schrunk

=============================================================
> From Ronald Wells

P.S. : In your recent newsletter, it is not just equatorial areas. It is
more specifically Mare Tranquillity (or Tranquillitatis, if you prefer the
full Latin). The reason is that is where the He-3 is concentrated most. It
seems to have an affinity for TiO3, or the mineral ilmenite, which is very
abundant in that specific mare. (Look at recent mineralogical maps of the
Moon and you find most of the TiO3 there. The point about establishing a
lunar mining colony first is that it is the bootstrap operation for
settling the Moon (and Mars) in other locations. Return to the Moon is only
going to work if the procedure can be self-sustaining. Once a large enough
colony is self-sustaining, people will propagate elsewhere, tied to the
original site and economics, until they become self-sustaining. A reliance
on government to send an exploratory 1 or 2 shot experiment is not the way
to go since the returns scientifically and economically will be minimal.

=============================================================
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?bibcode=1992ulpr.nasaQ....L&db_key=AST&data_type=HTML&format=
Title:
Determination of lunar ilmenite abundance from remotely sensed data
Authors:
Larson, S. M.; Melendrez, D. E.; Johnson, J. R.; Singer, R. B.
Journal:
In its NASA Space Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Local
Planetary Resources 6 p (SEE N93-26674 10-91)
Publication Date:
00/1992

Abstract
Of fundamental importance in the utilization of indigenous resources for a
future permanently manned lunar base is the identification and mapping of
the abundance distribution of the mineral ilmenite, which is currently
considered the most readily identifiable and most easily accessible source
of oxygen needed for human consumables and spacecraft propellant. Solid
state detector array technology now permits the use of ground based
multispectral remote sensing techniques to produce maps with better than one
kilometer spatial resolution and uncertainties of about two weight-percent
TiO2 abundance. An empirical relationship between the weight-percent
abundance of titanium dioxide and the 400/560 nm spectral ratio measured in
returned lunar samples was used. Because this abundance correlation is valid
only for mature lunar mare regolith, the distribution of immature mafic
minerals which were found to be correlated primarily with steep slopes
exposing bedrock was qualitatively mapped. The first mapping phase focused
on the entire lunar nearside at 5.3 km per pixel, and on experiments with
more sensitive spectral ratios. Relative spectrophotometry was employed to
aid in identifying wavelengths that provide greater spectral contrast. It
was found that the 400/730 nm ratio improved the abundance sensitivity by 37
percent, while the 950/730 nm ratio improved mafic mineral contrast about
100 percent. The second mapping phase utilized a large experimental CCD at
280 m per pixel to map the high titanium regions identified in the phase one
mapping. The high resolution maps provide data on the small scale (500 m)
variations in abundance and their relationship to morphological units.

=============================================================
http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/area/index.cfm?fareaid=10
SMART-1 MISSION HOME
THE MISSION:
ESA's SMART-1 will test miniaturisation technology while exploring the Moon
from orbit. It is the first space probe ESA has ever sent to the Moon and it
also is the first of ESA's missions to test advanced technology needed for
future scientific planetary missions.

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WHAT THE MIND CAN CONCEIVE, AND BELIEVE, IT WILL ACHIEVE - LRK
=============================================================